Customer Profile Of An Organization - 1251 Words

Understanding Who the Customer Is â€Å"If we don’t have customers we don’t have a job† (Mcknight Booth, p. 26, 2010). In any organization the customer’s expectations must be known and met, and if at possible expectations should be exceeded. To be able to meet customer expectations, it is important to understand what the customer is expecting. When an organization takes the time to understand the customer’s needs, they will find their customers are unique and there is not a one size fits all approach to meeting customer’s needs. Customer Profile One of the first approaches to help understand who the customers are is building customer profiles. Customer profiles are used to describe a customer and are typically used in the marketing†¦show more content†¦The OEM segment is broken down into three segments, agriculture, construction and truck. The next level of segment breakdown is large, medium and small OEM customer, these segments are determined by the total sales the customer has with Eaton. In total the OEM customers consist of nine segments. When the customers are placed into segments, the expectations of those customer segments can be identified. Customer Expectations The expectations of what a customer needs from a supplier needs to be established in the beginning of the relationship building phase. The beginning of the relationship is critical to the success of the supplier with the customer. When establishing the expectations the customer wants from a supplier, the supplier is also presenting what they can do (LaWell, 2010). It is important to be open with the customer if their needs cannot be met, explaining why it needs cannot be meet. When clear expectations are set in the beginning, there is less room for customer dissatisfaction. Delivery Expectation Studies have shown customers expect high on time delivery, however the perceived delivery performance is low (Mattsson, 2004; Forslund Jonsson, 2007). One reason for the disparity in expectation versus perception is the way the delivery performance is measured. Eaton has developed their own way to measure on time delivery performance, the measurement is not

Friedrich Nietzsche s Beyond Good And Evil - 919 Words

Many people have wondered why they were here and what they were meant to do with their lives. This question is one that Friedrich Nietzsche tries to answer in Beyond Good and Evil. In this book Nietzsche claims that the purpose of life is the â€Å"will to power.† The will to power is the will of men to be in charge of others and to be in control. Suppose, finally, we succeeded in explaining our entire instinctive life as the development and ramification of one basic form of the will--- namely of the will to power, as my proposition has it; suppose all organic functions could be traced back to this will to power and one could also find in it the solution of the problem of procreation and nourishment--- it is one problem--- then one would have gained the right to determine all efficient force univocally as--- will to power. The world viewed from inside, the world defined and determined according to its â€Å"intelligible character†--- it would be â€Å"will to power† and nothing else. The quote above is the clearest definition of the will to power. From this passage, I think that it is the driving force of life. This will to power is the reason for life and is the purpose of life. Physiologists should think before putting down the instinct of self-preservation as the cardinal instinct of an organic being. A living thing seeks above all to discharge its strength---life itself is will to power; self-preservation is only one of the indirect and most frequent results. ThisShow MoreRelatedMaster Morality vs. Slave Morality: Neiztche867 Words   |  4 Pages(Wikipedia Morality) Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, a German philosopher thought up of the idea that there are two moralities; The master and slave morality. These define a person by there actions to there world around them and how they handle certain situations they encounter throughout their natural life. I believe he chose these two because they seem to be strong opposites and there are rational. The first morality Nietzsche writes about is the master morality. Nietzsche defined master moralityRead MoreNietzsche s Philosophy On Personal Life And Education1200 Words   |  5 PagesFriedrich Nietzsche was a German, writer, poet, thinker and philopher. He was renowned for his ideas on the end of religion, existentialism and the concept of good and evil. Nietzsche focused essentially on the end of religion. He once declared that â€Å"God is dead†, a statement that decidedly defied Christianity as well as morality. According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, he was rapt in the development of â€Å"individual and cultural health, and believed in life, creativity, power, and down-to-earthRead More edmundlear Edmund of King Lear as Nietzsches Free Spirit Essay2780 Words   |  12 Pageswhen it is handed to them.   Shakespeares ability to create a vivid, living character in the space of a few lines of speech triumphs in Edmund, who embodies a totally differe nt moral system than that of Shakespeares era.   Three centuries later, Friedrich Nietzsches philosophy of the Free Spirit would respect these values.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Like Edmund, Nietzsches unorthodox views have been deemed villainous ever since the time they were written.   The Free Spirit is defined not by his attack on societysRead More Beyond Good and Evil: Nietzsches Philosophy on Good and Evil1123 Words   |  5 PagesFriedrich Nietzsche was a philosopher in the 1800’s. 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Although Fight Club is a modern-day movie, its storyline and subject matter reveals that it was heavily influenceRead MoreNietzsches Will to Power1697 Words   |  7 PagesNietzsche’s theory of â€Å"will to power† and â€Å"the innocence of becoming†. Does the hypothesis of the will to power successfully â€Å"debunk† traditional religion, morality, and philosophical claims to provide the â€Å"disinterested† or â€Å"objective† truth? Nietzsche introduced an idea of philosophy that was more than simply a rational groundwork of existence or as the pursuit of an absolute truth. Instead, he suggested that philosophy is something to be respected as a personal interpretation of life and allRead MoreNazis and Nietzsche Essay example1120 Words   |  5 PagesNazis and Nietzsche During the latter parts of the Nineteenth Century, the German existentialist philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche wrote a great deal on his ideas of morality, values, and life. His writings were controversial, but they greatly affected European thought. It can be argued that Nietzschean philosophy was a contributing factor in the rise of what is considered our worlds most awful empire, the Third Reich. #8249;Such a stance is based on the fact that there are very similarRead MoreNietzches Master and Slave Morality2209 Words   |  9 PagesIn Of the Genealogy of Morality, Nietzsche sought to provide context for what he saw as the central value system of the society in which he lived: slave-morality. Nietzsche saw morality as reflective of the conditions in which its proponents were brought up. He saw the roots of slave morality in oppression and slavery, and posits that it grew as a reaction to the morality of the masters of the time. What follows is a simplified account of Nietzsche’s master-slave dichotomy, and what he saw as theRead MoreA Plan Of Investigation Of Hitler s Mein Kampf1856 Words   |  8 PagesA. Plan of Investigation Hitler s Mein Kampf suggests influence from the works of Friedrich Nietzsche, and we now know that there were many other Nazi writers who were interested in his work. Nietzsche s philosophy revolved around freedom of the individual and shaping his own destiny; in contrast, Nazism was intensely nationalistic and suppressed human individuality. This investigation will evaluate how these two conflicting ideologies became so associated with each other by comparing the thinkingRead MoreAn Analytical Look At The Proposed Death Of God1649 Words   |  7 PagesGod, although in some other minorities, that number was larger (Gallup). Despite this, there was a time when some of the greatest minds of the time felt as if God had no modern purpose in human’s lives. One such example of this was that of Friedrich Nietzsche, who went down in history as the man who declared God â€Å"dead†. Though this might seem like a hypothetical call to atheism, he was instead showing how the peopl e of the world had come to outgrow a need for God with the coming of the renaissance

Business Program Strategic Information Systems

Question: Discuss about the Business Program Strategic Information Systems. Answer: Introduction The past data analysis indicates that every organization across the world is converting towards the accounting software for building and managing the accounts and the other relevant data. In the opinion of Ciftci (2010), accounting software is computer program or an accounting tool which is required by the every fastest growing small business unit. For an example, the business accounting software includes the financial accounting, invoicing software and the VAT accounting software. Adding to this, Xero is one of the leading accounting software to manage all the invoicing operation of an organization (Feng, 2010). It has been observed that the Australian organizations are highly dependent on the accounting software to reconstruct the internal process. One of the survey reports indicates that most of the small business organization in Australia used the accounting software for improving the better performance of the organization in terms of keeping organisational data. Adding to this, it has been speculated that the Australian business organisations has developed a wide range accounting software to enhance the organisational capabilities (Chen et al. 2015). Thus, most of the leading organisation and the small business firms are hiring developers and testing team to implement successful accounting software. The presents study attempts to determine the efficiency of the accounting software and the effectiveness to the current market leaders. History and the development of the accounting software In the early age of 1960, the Mega Corporations has initially introduced the process to handle the data and reveal the information as per necessity for a government purpose. In this regards, Krishnan and Wang (2014) stated that at the early stage, the corporation had faced several issues while managing the entire data set. Hence, the concept of the database has become the prime aspirant to manage the huge volume of data. Later on, IBM the leading software firm has introduced an initial programming language to form a preliminary database for storing, structuring and managing the data within the computers (Yilmaz, 2015). It is a proven fact that the foremost objective of implementing the database program to access the data whenever it is required. In the middle of 1973, the other computer language like SAP has been introduced to design the data track and the other models of a method to increase the easiness of accessing the data set. According to the view of Winter and Hinely (2012), a data structure is another concept for sorting, computing and organising the record within the database in a sequential manner. Furthermore, at the early age of 1981, the concept of integrated office suite including a powerful processor and excel has been launched by Peachtree. Supporting this Protogeros et al. (2011) mentioned that Intuit has also discovered the spreadsheet which helps the users to use the database and the accounting software more efficiently. Accounting softwares market size in the Australian region In the market of Australian accounting software industry, Intuit, MYBOB and Xero are the major market leaders. In this particular context, it has been found that MYBOB has a large market share in this region. Xero is the other firm which has global operations. Considering the opinion of Yilmaz (2015) Xero has occupied 60% of market size in the Australian region. The firm, MYBOB has occupied 20% of the market size and only 10% has occupied by the Intuit. According to the opinion of Chen et al. (2015), Xero has occupied $17.75 market share in this domain. It is expected that the firm would get maximum margin within next year. On the other hand, it has been observed that Intuit has managed the highest market size in the Australian market with its QuickBooks application (Krishnan and Wang, 2014). Furthermore, it can be predicted that MYBOB can manage to increase the share price within the range of $ 831.7 to $ 833.8million in coming years to preserve the sustainable position (www.afr.com , 2016). Moreover, it can be determined that almost $200 million start-up business unit is using the Xero software for managing the database to track the required records. Figure 1: Leading Accounting Software Firm (Source: www.afr.com, 2016) Figure 2: Xero share price (Source: www.afr.com, 2016) The market leaders in the accounting software segment In the market of accounting software, Xero has entirely managed to devour 60% of the Australian market share (Luft, 2009). However, MYBOB has confined with 20% of the market shares, and the other organisations occupy the rest of the market share. In this current context, it has been identified the QuickBooks app has helped Intuit to incarcerate Australian market (Perry, 2011). It has been observed that Xero has managed to collect almost 450,000 customers across the world. The firm is a New Zealand based organisation and becomes an accounting software giant in the Australian marketplace by introducing the invoicing software. Presently, the firm is proceeding to have $250 billion of dealings and almost 90 million of invoices. Figure 3: Customer growth of Xero (Source: www.afr.com, 2016) Factors that are leading the enterprises to attain the competitive positioning Inventory and Accounting management Every small business units require an inventory and accountings software to handle the multiple customers by generating the individual invoice with a detailed description. The software helps to keep the detailed record of the products, services and the customer details. According to the opinion of Protogeros et al. (2011), the software is helpful to keep all the records associated with starting from the production and distribution of a specific product. The inventory and accounting software is also facilitated the firm the keep the unique details of the products such as raw material, equipment, tools and the other sales based information. As per the view of Krishnan and Wang (2014), most of the inventory and accounting management is most popular as it is ERP based. It is one of the complete solutions to make the purchase planning and the balance sheet. Moreover, the inventory and accounting management software speed up the invoicing process while tracking the sales and purchase detai ls. Payroll management The payroll management software has made up the payroll process and pays superannuation process easier. The general ledger is a helpful component to provide automatic update option for all the financial records (Tankard, 2012). Apart from keeping financial records, the software is also fruitful to include all the organisational diversified operational process. Considering the opinion of Winter and Hinely (2012), the HR personnel of an organisation can maintain the entire records of the employee and the payment separation of each of the employees. The software is also beneficial to keep the tax file number of the employees and the payment summary in the database (Ciftci, 2010). Hence, maximum SMEs and the leading organisations are enchanting the assistance of the accounting software to preserve the data accuracy backup. Challenges and issues faced by the customers with the accounting software Difficult to customise Due to the software restriction and the system restriction, the users of accounting software cannot customise the preferences as per the requirements. According to the opinion of Beechy (2009), some system and features within the software are difficult to understand and operate for the new users. As there is no guided user manual, the new users are easily get annoyed with the new types features. In the addition, the unnecessary columns and the information cannot be rid of by the users and the clients. Lack of features and expensive It has been identified that some of the accounting software has fewer features but demands an high price. Thus, the customers have the tendency to shift with the other software for easy up gradation process in low cost. Inconvenient Technical Support The customers did not get in time support during the time of the problem. The issues related with the accounting software needs to be minimised easily as it gives a security alert for the users (Krishnan and Wang, 2014). Lack of Security It has been observed that often the customers are facing accessible issues with the passwords and login id. Considering the view of Winter and Hinely (2012), chances of hacking the passwords is the major security challenge faced by the customers with the accounting software. Recommendations to improve the above issues Initially, it is essential to hire a support team for 24*7 to fix the issues of the customers. Considering the view of Tankard (2012), a constant support specialist is required to mitigate the customers problems by communicating through cell phone connection as well as a face-to-face session. The developers of the accounting software need to incorporate some special features to improve security measures of the software. The easy facilities of data import and export would increase the software comparability with the other software application in front of the clientele (Feng, 2010). Furthermore, the software developer team has to integrate some special function within the accounting software, so that the users could customise the preferences as per the requirements. Conclusion The preliminary analysis of the study indicates that the accounting software is one of the constructive software applications to handle all the required data set. While conducting the study, it has been identified that accounting software is an ideal tool to maintain all the internal and external data in a robust way. Xero, Intuit and MYOB are the market giant of accounting software in Australia. Adding to this, the study has revealed the challenges such as Difficult to customise and Lack of features and expensive, etc, faced by the users while using the accounting software. Furthermore, a strategic recommendation has been provided in the research to facilitate both the users and the developers by mitigating all the issues of accounting software. References: Beechy, T.H. (2009) The many challenges of pension accounting, Accounting Perspectives, 8(2), pp. 91111. Chen, X., Chen, C., Tao, Y. and Hu, J. (2015) A cloud security assessment system based on classifying and grading, IEEE Cloud Computing, 2(2), pp. 5867. Ciftci, M. (2010) Accounting choice and earnings quality: The case of software development, European Accounting Review, 19(3), pp. 429459. Feng, G. (2010) Analysis and synthesis of fuzzy control systems: A model-based approach (automation and cont.. Boca Raton: CRC Presss. Krishnan, G.V. and Wang, C.J. (2014) Are capitalized software development costs informative about audit risk?, Accounting Horizons, 28(1), pp. 3957. Luft, J. (2009) Nonfinancial information and accounting: A reconsideration of benefits and challenges, Accounting Horizons, 23(3), pp. 307325. Perry, T. (2011) From quickbooks to slow food, IEEE Spectrum, 48(3), pp. 2324. Protogeros, N., Vontas, A., Chatzikostas, G. and Koumpis, A. (2011) A software shell for environmental accounting, Environmental Modelling Software, 26(2), pp. 235237. Supplied (2016) Xero to keep gaining market share in Australia, new MD Trent Innes says. Available at: https://www.afr.com/technology/xero-primed-to-keep-gaining-market-share-in-australia-new-managing-director-trent-innes-says-20160106-gm0b08 (Accessed: 15 September 2016). Tankard, C. (2012) Big data security, Network Security, 22(7), pp. 58. Winter, J. and Hinely, M. (2012) Examining correlations in usability data to Effectivize usability testing, e-Informatica Software Engineering Journal, 1(1), pp. 110112. Yilmaz, R. (2015) Accounting for purchased software based on Turkish accounting standards, Pressacademia, 2(2), pp. 181182.

Psychoactive Drugs Essays - Drug Culture, Drug Control Law

Psychoactive Drugs There is one person I know that has been addicted to psychoactive drugs. He was addicted to LSD and Cocaine. He spent about a year and a half snorting cocaine and taking hits of LSD. For one whole year he didn't go one day without snorting cocaine. It would depend on the mood he was in to decide which drug he would consume that day, or if he wanted to take both of them all at once. He was never himself when he took either of the drugs. It was like he was in his own little world. When he consumed a large amount of LSD in one day, he would be the happiest person in the world until he started to come down from the drug. When he started to come down from the drug, he didn't really want to bother with anyone around him. He would be very moody and aggravated with his surroundings at the moment. On the days he would consume a large amount of cocaine, depending on how much he would take, he would be sweating, his heartbeat would be so fast, he'd have to lay down for a while, so he could let his heartbeat slow down. A lot of the time, when he would take LSD for the day, he always thought that his friends had something against him, like they were mad at him. He would accuse them of doing things they hadn't done. He would get very untrustworthy of me and his friends when we were around him. He would also be very paranoid if he drove a car while on either drug. He'd always think that there was a police car following him, or if it was late at night and really dark out, any car that would be behind him, he would think it to be a police car. Once he actually thought or hallucinated that the cars sirens were on, so he pulled to the side of the road and let the car pass him. After that happened, anyone who would be driving behind him, he would pull over and let them pass him. Sometimes when he would consume a large amount of cocaine within one hour, he would be totally off the walls like he was acting like he was a 3 year old. His behavior was different each time he took either of the drugs. Sometimes he would be so mean when he took LSD, that he would purposely pick a fight with whoever was with him at the time. He would often say that he was going to quit very soon, but that never really happened with the snap of his fingers. It took him another 6 months for him to totally stop taking the drugs. There was one incident one night he took a combination of the two, and took a little too much of the drugs. And what didn't help his situation at all is that he smoked a lot a marijuana on the side. One night he took 7 hits of LSD, and quite a bit of cocaine, all at once. By the end of the night we found him in his bedroom, totally nude, nothing on him what-so-ever, with sweat dripping from his body. He had a body temperature of about 106. His heart rate was a least 65 beats per minute. He was on the verge of dying of a heart attack at the age of 19. If he were to taken any more of the drugs he took that night, he'd probably be dead. After that incident, I think he realized what could've happened to him that night, and what thankfully didn't happen to him. I think that's why he quit while he could.

The challenger disaster essays

The challenger disaster essays There were many great and significant events that happened while the United States was under the rule of Ronald Reagan. One of the major events also had to do with the United States evolvement in going to The moon and beyond as President Jonathan Fitzgerald Kennedy had stated. We (The United States) had already made it far in that vision by visiting the moon and stunning the world with being the first country to land on another Planet. Along with that came the adventure to put people into space for various science experiments or just for no reason at all besides the reason of needing to know if NASA could put another person into space and get them back to earth successfully. On January 28, 1986 America was shocked by the destruction of the space shuttle Challenger, and the death of its seven crew members. (www.Fas.org) The United States finally had an accident entering space that involved people. Through this paper you will see how this unfortunate accident had an impact on th e American way and how our president at the time handled this situation. The Crew consisted of seven people. The were Francis R. Scobee, Michael J. Smith, Judith A. Resnik, Ronald E. McNair, Ellison S. Onizuka, Gregary B. Jarvis, Christa McAuliffe. They all had a great impact with their death. All of these men and women had great importance with NASA and were considered great astronauts. Yet with all those people there was one person who was to have the greatest impact on America as we know it. In 1978 Scobee entered NASA's astronaut corps and was the pilot of STS-41-C, the fifth orbital flight of the Challenger spacecraft, launching from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on April 6, 1984. During this seven-day mission the crew successfully retrieved and repaired the ailing Solar Maximum Satellite and returned it to orbit. This was an enormously important mission, because it demonstrated the capability that NASA had long said...

Planet of the Apes essays

Planet of the Apes essays The mise-en-scene of the movie Planet of the Apes played an astronomical role in all aspects of the movie. Mise-en-scene is everything that is front of the camera from costumes, make-up, setting, and acting. The costumes and make-up were very important in this movie since apes were being played by humans. The actors and actresses had to go through four hours of make-up each day to make sure they looked perfect for the scenes. The director, Tim Burton, wanted to make sure there was a great sense of realism, which is an attitude of the mind that is a desire of the truth, to the movie. Each mask was made up of plaster to mold the face to make each character have a separate face. The rubber plastic is then molded to the face and then detail is put on each characters mask. Hair and make-up are then applied to each mask. The actors then have to get their false teeth made to fit in their mouths. The costumes are created so that they are more advanced than the first Planet of the Apes and more modernized. One example of this is how Mark Wahlbergs space suit changes to a space suit that has been burned and torn apart. The costumes help add to the mood and history of each character. They also had to hand make every piece of clothing for the apes and had to be tailored to each character. The setting of Planet of the Apes is at Lake Powell where there is a lake, giant rock formations, and mountains. Most of the scenes in the movie are in like a city inside a forest and a desert type of region outside of the forest and city. In the final battle scene, the setting takes place in the desert region where there are mountains of sand and rock like structures that resemble Stonehenge. This makes a great for the battle scene since it adds to the atmosphere and mood of the battle. The acting also plays a role in mise-en-scene. The actors in this movie went through training for many months so that they could act as apes naturally. Th...

Book Reeview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Book Reeview - Essay Example The second author, Stewart Emery, is renowned worldwide for his books and also as an excellent speaker and educator. Lastly, the third author of the book is Mark Thompson, who is well known for his keynotes in several of his writings and is also a venture capitalist (Porras, Emery & Thompson, 2007). Contextually, the objective of this paper is to review the book Success Built to Last: Creating a Life that Matters for better understanding and analysis. In this regard, the main ideas of the book are pointed out along with critical concepts. Moreover, the review also reveals the accuracy of the information that is written in the book. Based on these aspects of critical understanding, a conclusion is also drawn in the end. The book Success Built to Last: Creating a Life that Matters is written in the background of some of the largest organizations of the world and their success factors. It not only contains examples of big organizations but also adequate information about some of the small and medium-sized enterprises. Besides analyzing the business organizations, the book also contains the learning factors from some of the greatest personalities of the world. These personalities include Nelson Mandela, Richard Branson, several other renowned presidents of the past and some sports personalities. The book provides a clear understanding about the habits and key success factors that would support the individuals and organizations of the present day to lead to progress. The core objective of the book is to reveal these success factors of the renowned individuals and organizations of the past and present to help people of the modern day build organization in order to gain excellence. In the process of writ ing a book, the authors have extensively interviewed several world famous personalities to gain in-depth knowledge about their views regarding success Porras et al., 2007). The key concepts of the book are well defined through citation

Energy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Energy - Essay Example The major difference between renewable energy and nonrenewable energy is the ability of renewable energy to renew. For example, wind energy is a renewable energy source which will be available in this world as long as this world remains in its present state. On the other hand same thing cannot be said about nonrenewable energy. For example, oil or natural gas energy sources are exhausting day by day and it is not replaced by any of the natural means. Because of the nonrenewable nature of nonrenewable energy, this energy source is going to lose its significance in near future or 50 years from now. Renewable energy sources will gain prominence in near future itself. Moreover, nonrenewable energy sources are causing severe environmental problems like air pollution, water pollution, global warming, climate changes etc and therefore it is difficult to rely on nonrenewable energy sources further. For example, â€Å"Air pollution, thermal pollution, land devastation, groundwater pollution, acidification of streams and rivers, erosion, subsidence of land caused by underground mines, hazards to miners, and, of course, global warming are all recognized as part and parcel of coal’s utilization† (Smith, 2009, p.162). On the other hand renewable energies such as wind energy, tidal energy, solar energy etc are causing little or no damage to the environment. In my opinion, solar energy seems to be the future energy source. The major advantage of solar energy is the less environmental problems it can generate and its abundant nature. Solar energy reaches every part of the earth 12 hours per day. If we can develop technologies feasible for the exploitation of solar energy, we need not be worried too much about the energy crisis in future. The major problem associated with the exploitation of solar energy is the lack of feasible technologies to convert solar energy into other forms of energy. Since solar energy is available only in day time, it is necessary to

‘The Bloody Chamber, the characters and elements of gothic Essay Example for Free

‘The Bloody Chamber, the characters and elements of gothic Essay The genre of gothic literature contains both elements of horror and romance, with an innocent female, a powerful male (usually the quintessential villain), as well as themes to do with the supernatural as key features included in the novel. In this chapter, elements of the gothic begin in the very title of the book: the ‘bloody’ in ‘The Bloody Chamber’ associates the idea of death and gore, a more horrific element of the gothic genre; the ‘Chamber’ itself now sounds more claustrophobic and similar to a torture chamber, due to the link to blood. However, blood can be interpreted in different ways throughout the extract, even in a romantic way in this example: ‘the wedding dress†¦wrapped up in†¦red ribbon’. Juxtaposing the red of the ribbon with the white of the dress (which symbolises innocence) could represent the staining of virgin blood on a pure dress, or scarring of one’s purity with blood, to represent taking somebody’s identity with them – the person who took her virginity is the one she’ll belong to for the rest of her life. Not only is there a presence of a pure and desirable female (‘the wedding dress he’d bought me’ – hinting at the fact he wants her and he shall buy her this wedding dress and her mother a dress so as to encourage her to marry him), who is dominated by a male (he bought her the dress, instead of letting her choose the design†¦a controlling character), but the fact there is a transition from everyday life to something bigger is also a major element of the gothic genre. Transition at the very beginning of the novel is also illustrated in another gothic novel Dracula (when Harker is travelling to Transsylvania to Count Dracula’s castle). The female character is travelling from her home, ‘the narrow bedroom (she) had left behind forever’ into ‘the unguessable country of marriage’. This brings forward a sense of excitement and uncertainty as to whether marriage will live up to her expectations or worsen her intentions of getting away from poverty – whether it will make her happier. The narrator of the chapter, clearly a female, seems to have a mixture of characteristics, making it difficult to read her true personality. From the beginning of the chapter, she seems a rather passionate but at the same time innocent figure: ‘my burning cheeks pressed against the impeccable linen of the pillow†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. The burning of her cheeks suggests a fast flow of blood, blood now being represented in a different way – for passion and excitement. The impeccable pillow brings forward an image of a white crispy pillow, untouched beforehand, just like a virgin. The two opposites placed together, one on top of the other, juxtaposes passion and innocence which could be interpreted in several ways: both the groom and bride juxtaposed together to form opposites, or the narrator’s character, confusing the audience on purpose. This point makes the narrator unreliable, as we do not particularly understand her real character at this point in the book. And I remember’ – the fact she is using her memory as a point of narration, instead of the present day actions makes her even more unreliable as we cannot trust what she may and may not remember. A journal or another character could have made her story more reliable otherwise. An unreliable narrator is a huge element of gothic literature, and the fact that the female character is the unreliable narrator so far, breaks the boundaries of gothic literature (as only male v illains were described as such before). However the male character in the chapter remains unreliable to the reader. He seems mysterious, and not described in major detail – the only details collated by the reader are the fact he is fairly rich (bought her the wedding dress, as well as a luxurious dress for her mother), rather controlling over his future bride ( the girl abandoned her items in her room – perhaps because he wouldn’t let her bring her possessions with her). The lack of description set by the narrator only leaves the reader to guess to his personality, but it also shows that the girl isn’t particularly excited by her groom, perhaps preferring not to mention or think about him as it may discomfort her. Her mother seems like a matured character, one who developed from the girl who sacrificed her rich background and family for love, but after losing him, fought her way for her and her daughters’ survival. Having seen this change in her, her daughter must have looked up to her – which is where her sensible side comes from (‘I know I want to marry him’ – having to marry the man). This woman doesn’t seem to fit in any context in gothic, apart from when the groom gives her identity in the gothic genre; by gifting her a black dress, which to me symbolises decay and the overlooked, he is showing the girl the person she will one day turn into, therefore degrading the females in that family into white and black, differentiating their characters but also showing the link between them – what the black once was, and what the white shall one day turn into. The male characters described in the chapter – the father and the groom – both seem honourable, either due to civil service or the amount of money they are worth, and are most certainly recognised for it. This is shown by the fathers’ medals of honour and the groom’s availability in having a ‘treasure wife’ or a woman of his choice, who marries him for his money’s worth. Without his money, he wouldn’t particularly have his bride. However, although the women in the chapter do seem honourable in their own way, such as the mother surviving the hardships of poor life without a husband and the daughter making a courageous decision in marrying someone she isn’t in love with for economic purpose (and both trying to overcome a loved man’s death in hard times) – they are not entirely recognised for it. Instead, the young lady could be passed off as rather naive, due to the ecstasy (or exaggeration) of her descriptions, and the woman as having no purpose other than mourn her husband’s death and her daughter’s departure. There is already a difference in the male-female importance and stereotype ratio, making the author already (either purposefully or accidentally) sexist in their work†¦this being another key element of gothic literature. However this could also be counter argued by stating that neither of the characters on the page are named, therefore are still all equals. In conclusion, the opening chapter introduces the characters to a good level of understanding for the audience and throws essential elements of gothic literature (exaggeration, juxtaposing, and sexism, symbolism) to set the mood.

New Grub Street Essay -- Essays Papers

New Grub Street New Grub Street is known as George Robert Gissing’s best and most respected novel. This masterpiece gives its readers a taste of the anti-idealistic principle that is shown all throughout Grub Street. This society that Gissing has mirrored from his own life experience is one that revolves around selfishness and money. The reader is supposed to understand that the art of literature cannot exist without good economic means. The term Grub Street continues to be used in reference to authors and journalists who are compelled to struggle desperately to make a bare livelihood, and also to those who have no scruples about what they write so long as it brings them profit or popularity (Ward 32). The novel’s two main characters are Edwin Reardon and Jasper Milvain who just happen to be complete opposites. Edwin is the protagonist who is full of self-pity, brains, and insecurities. He faced poverty and loneliness when he found himself unable to write for social popularity and reputation. Jasper was insensitive and practical. His business like qualities led him to success instead of sheer talent. Charming and ambitious – he shrewdly calculated and did everything that could bring him to success. Morals did not matter nearly as much as being rich. New Grub Street was first published in 1891. It was Gissing’s ninth book out of twenty-three as well as being his most important and enduring work. Smith, Elder, & Co published it in three volumes (Gissing 1). This was his first novel that sold quite well. There was a second printing within one month and two subsequent editions in hardly less than a year. Although the book did very well, Gissing still faced poverty because the copyright was sold ... ...le to make such an impact on its readers. All throughout Grub Street the reader is able to take notice of those with money and less morals and values get ahead while the good guy is left behind. After reading this novel it is easy to see how art can finally be valued. Gissing has undoubtedly shown through his writing that certain important literary men have gone unnoticed and unappreciated. Works Cited Dimauro, Laurie, ed. Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism. Vol. 47. Detroit: Gale Research Inc.,1993. 130 vols. Gissing, George. New Grub Street. NY: Random House, 2002. Michaux, Jean-Pierre, ed. George Gissing: Critical Essays. London: Vision Press Limited,1981. Selig, Robert. George Gissing. Twayne's English Authors Ser. 346. NY: Twayne's Publishers, 1995. Ward, A.C. Gissing: Writers and Their Work. Vol. III. NY: Longmans, Green & Co, 1959.

Benefits of a Yoga Practice

History of Yoga The exact history and origins of yoga is uncertain; however, there are pieces that have been connected and allow some conclusions. Stone carvings depicting figures in Yoga positions have been found in archeological sites in the Indus Valley dating back 5,000 years or more. In ancient times, the desire for greater personal freedom, health and long life, and heightened self-understanding gave birth to this system of physical and mental exercise which has since spread throughout the world. The word Yoga means â€Å"to join or yoke together,† and it brings the body and mind together into one harmonious experience.One of the earliest texts about Yoga was compiled by a scholar named Patanjali, who talked about the most common Yoga theories and practices of his time in a book called Yoga Sutras as early and the 1st and 2nd century B. C. or as late as the 5th century A. D. The system that he wrote is known as â€Å"Ashtanga Yoga† or the eight limbs of Yoga, gene rally known as Classical Yoga today. The eight steps include yama, niyama, asana, pranayama, pratyhara, dharana, dhyana, and Samadhi. Yoga arrived to the United States somewhere around the late 1800s, but hadn’t become commonly known until the 1960s.It is well known that the techniques of Yoga can contribute to general health and well-being. Many physicians recommend Yoga to patients who suffer from heart disease, back pains, depression, arthritis, insomnia, asthma, and other chronic conditions. Philosophical Roots and Principles The philosophy of yoga has been passed on from teacher to student for many generations over the last 5,000 years. There is no true definition on what yoga really is. Some may say it is only a way to relax, others say it is a form of excersice, and others say it is a way of life.In essence, yoga practice aims to align the body with the mind through fluid movement and controlled breathing. At the base of the yoga practice, there are five basic principl es: exercise, breathing, relaxation, diet, and meditation. Exercise: This principle revolves around the idea that our physical body is meant to move and exercise. One’s spiritual health begins with physical health. Yoga benefits every part of your body – joints, muscles, blood circulation, digestion, etc. Practicing Yoga makes your body relaxed, gives you more strength and energy, and rejuvenates the various systems of the body.Breathing: Yoga’s lifestyle is centered around breathing. Yoga emphasizes attention to breath, and taking long, deep inhalations, making use of all the parts of your Lungs to increase your oxygen intake. Proper Breathing should be deep, slow and rhythmical. This increases lung capacity and oxygen flow throughout the body, which clears and cleanses the mind. Relaxation: One achieves inner peace through proper relaxation. Relaxation begins in the physical body, losing all tension within the muscles. This then extends to the mind, and positi vely affects one’s actions throughout the day.Diet: A proper diet should accompany a yoga practice to maintain a healthy physical body. Improper diet results to mental inefficiency and blocks spiritual awareness. A proper diet should nourish both mind and body. It should consist of eating only natural foods, and only when one is hungry. Meditation: The most important aspect of yoga is positive thinking and meditation. Everything in the physical body is controlled through the mind. Meditation allows ones self to control the mind to channel positive thinking and spiritual health. This allowing a more relaxing Yoga practice, which leads to a calm and positive day,Why is nutrition important in yoga? The basic principle of nutrition in yoga is to eat small quantities of high quality foods without producing toxins. It is easy to result to heavily processed, nutrition poor, calorie dense foods within a normal life that’s full of stress. Eating unhealthy puts you at more risks of diseases, while a well-nourished body makes it easier to cope better, while also reducing your possibility of disease and reducing your stress levels. The body requires food to supply energy to function normally. It also needs it to repair tissue and organs. The perfect balance in diet is different for ach person. To find balance, it is important to know one’s own individual needs, the best preparation methods, the properties of foods, and to choose a broad range of high quality foods. When a good attitude and ample exercise are combined, one finds no limit to total health of the mind, body, and spirit. Five Yoga Poses Downward facing dog: Come to your hands and knees with the wrists underneath the shoulders and the knees underneath the hips. Curl the toes under and push back raising the hips and straightening the legs. Spread the fingers and ground down from the forearms into the fingertips.Outwardly rotate the upper arms broadening the collarbones. Let the head hang, mo ve the shoulder blades away from the ears towards the hips. Engage the quadriceps strongly to take the weight off the arms, making this a resting pose. Rotate the thighs inward, keep the tail high and sink your heels towards the floor. Dragonfly Pose: Begin standing in mountain pose. Shift your weight into your right leg and bring the left ankle to cross your right thigh just above the knee. Your shin will be parallel to the floor. This is same position from which you enter flying crow.Come into a forward bend, bringing the palms of the hands to the floor. Bend the right leg (the standing leg) and twist your torso to the right, walking your hands over until your palms come in front of the right foot. This is a similar arm position to side crow. Bend your elbows down to chaturanga position and bring the sole of your left foot onto the shelf created by your left upper arm. Try to get the foot as high up your arm as possible. Bring the right thigh to rest on the left upper arm as well. Tip forward, bringing your weight into your arms as the right leg straightens out to the side and right foot leaves the floor.To come out, bend the right knee and bring the right foot back to the floor. Half Moon Pose – Ardha Chandrasana: From Trikonasana, soften the right knee and bring the left hand to your hip. Bring the right hand to the floor about a foot in front of the right foot with the fingertips on the floor. Begin to straighten the right leg while simultaneously raising the left leg. Open the hips, stacking the left hip on top of the right hip. Bring the left leg straight and parallel to the floor, flexing the left foot with the toes facing forward.When you feel balanced on the right leg, reach the left arm up toward the ceiling, opening the chest and making a straight line with the right and left arms. Finally, bring the gaze up toward the left fingertips. Child's Pose – Balasana: From Downward Facing Dog, drop the knees to the floor. Spread the knees as wide as the mat, keeping the big toes touching. Bring the belly to rest between the thighs and the forehead to the floor. There are two possible arm variations: Either stretch the arms in front of you with the palms toward the floor or bring the arms back alongside the thighs with the palms facing upwards.Do whichever feel more comfortable to you. Bridge Pose – Setu Bandha Sarvangasana: Come to lie on the back. Bend the knees, bringing the soles of the feet parallel on the mat close to the buttocks. Lift the hips up towards the ceiling. Interlace the fingers behind your back and straighten the arms, pressing them down into the mat. Roll one shoulder under and then the other. Lift the hips higher. Draw the chest toward the chin, but do not move the chin toward the chest. Make sure the feet stay parallel. Release the hands and bring the upper, middle, and then lower back down. Rest, allowing the knees to knock together.

Arthur Millar Essay

In this essay I am going to analyse the dramatic techniques that Arthur Millar uses in his 20th century drama called, ‘A View From The Bridge. ‘ The play is set in Brooklyn in the 1940’s when the Italians were immigrating to America to find work as they were poor and they needed to get away from Italy to find work to feed their families in Italy. Many of these immigrants entered America Illegally. The play is about a skilled docks worker in Brooklyn named Eddie Carbone. Eddie lives with his wife Beatrice and their niece, Catherine. Beatrice’s cousins named Marco and Rodolfo come to America from Italy to find work to feed Marco’s family in Italy, as they are very poor. They plan to enter illegally. Eddie has feelings for his niece Catherine that he should not have. Meanwhile Catherine falls in love with Rodolfo and Eddie hates him because he is jealous as he loves her and he cannot stand any other man looking at her and touching her. As a result Eddie decides to let the Immigration Bureau know that there are illegal immigrants in his building. In the play, Arthur Miller uses a number of dramatic devices many of which are seen in the first act but their significance only becomes apparent to the audience in the second act. These dramatic devices are: use of language, dialogue and its sub textual meanings, stage directions, characters’ actions, props and lighting. The first dramatic technique I am going to analyse is the use of language in Alfieri’s speech at the start of the play. Miller has put this at the start of the play to prepare the audience for what will happen later on in the play. The speech starts to develop tension because there are a lot of negative and violent words used. For example, Alfieri uses terms such as ‘Machine Gun. ‘ The effect of using a term like this is to create tension for the audience, as they now know that something bad is going to happen later on in the play. As the play progresses the audience realise that this is the only time when Alfieri uses negative and violent language. So his words take on a deeper meaning when the audience realises this. I am now going to look at Eddie’s language in the first act. His speech is simple but at the start of the play his words are more vibrant towards Catherine as he tells he that she is â€Å"walking wavy. † At the same time he also refers to her as a â€Å"Madonna. † This gives the audience the idea that she is pure and she is a virgin and Eddie wants her to stay as she is. † Listen, B. , she’ll be with a lot of plumbers? And sailors up and down the street? † This illustrates Eddie’s feelings for Catherine and it can also mean that he does not want any other men looking at Catherine or marrying her. Eddie’s dialogue changes when the cousins arrive. He uses working class American colloquial words, such as â€Å"Yiz have a nice trip? † when he asks the cousins Marco and Rodolfo about their journey. Eddie wants to make it clear that he is the man of the house and that he is in charge. These expressions are only used in the first act when he is speaking to Marco and Rodolfo. This builds tension because the audience know that Eddie is going to start trouble with Marco and Rodolfo later on.

Free Essays on Lynching

Lynching is the illegal execution of an accused person by a mob. It was originally a system of punishment used by whites against African American slaves. Lynching was a practice all too common in the United States. Lynching is most often associated with race relations after the end of the civil war and the destruction of slavery. Lynching was a form of terror used to suppress the minority African-American population. Lynching occurred in all parts of the nation. The effort to outlaw of lynching was a political cause of generations. African-Americans, the most common victims of lynch law, led the fight to outlaw the practice. The United States has a brutal history of domestic violence. It is an ugly episode in our national history that has long been neglected. Of the several varieties of American violence, one type stands out as one of the most inhuman chapters in the history of the world- the violence committed against Negro citizens in America by white people. This unit of post Reconstruction Afro-American history will examine anti-Black violence from the 1880s to the 1950s. The phenomenon of lynching and the major race riots of this period, called the American Dark Ages by historian Rayford W. Logan, will be covered. In the last decades of the nineteenth century, the lynching of Black people in the Southern and border states became an institutionalized method used by whites to terrorize Blacks and maintain white supremacy. In the South, during the period 1880 to 1940, there was deep-seated and all-pervading hatred and fear of the Negro which led white mobs to turn to â€Å"lynch law† as a means of social control. Lynchings- open public murders of individuals suspected of crime conceived and carried out more or less spontaneously by a mob- seem to have been an American invention. Lynchings occurred throughout the United States; it was not a sectional crime. However, the great majority of lynchings in the United States took place ... Free Essays on Lynching Free Essays on Lynching Lynching is the illegal execution of an accused person by a mob. It was originally a system of punishment used by whites against African American slaves. Lynching was a practice all too common in the United States. Lynching is most often associated with race relations after the end of the civil war and the destruction of slavery. Lynching was a form of terror used to suppress the minority African-American population. Lynching occurred in all parts of the nation. The effort to outlaw of lynching was a political cause of generations. African-Americans, the most common victims of lynch law, led the fight to outlaw the practice. The United States has a brutal history of domestic violence. It is an ugly episode in our national history that has long been neglected. Of the several varieties of American violence, one type stands out as one of the most inhuman chapters in the history of the world- the violence committed against Negro citizens in America by white people. This unit of post Reconstruction Afro-American history will examine anti-Black violence from the 1880s to the 1950s. The phenomenon of lynching and the major race riots of this period, called the American Dark Ages by historian Rayford W. Logan, will be covered. In the last decades of the nineteenth century, the lynching of Black people in the Southern and border states became an institutionalized method used by whites to terrorize Blacks and maintain white supremacy. In the South, during the period 1880 to 1940, there was deep-seated and all-pervading hatred and fear of the Negro which led white mobs to turn to â€Å"lynch law† as a means of social control. Lynchings- open public murders of individuals suspected of crime conceived and carried out more or less spontaneously by a mob- seem to have been an American invention. Lynchings occurred throughout the United States; it was not a sectional crime. However, the great majority of lynchings in the United States took place ...

Childrens Stories About Being Yourself

Children's Stories About Being Yourself The ancient Greek storyteller Aesop is credited with crafting scores of tales with valuable moral lessons. Many of them still resonate today, including the following tales about being yourself. Pretense Is Only Skin Deep Aesops fables tell us that nature will shine through no matter what package you put it in. Theres no point in pretending to be something youre not because the truth will eventually come out, either by accident or by force. The Cat and Venus. A cat falls in love with a man and begs  Venus to change her into a woman. Venus complies, and the man and cat-woman are married. But when Venus tests her by dropping a mouse into the room, the cat-woman leaps up to chase it. The cat can change her appearance, but not her nature.The Ass in the Lions Skin. A donkey puts on a lions skin and runs around the jungle scaring the other animals. But when he opens his mouth, his bray gives him away.The Vain Jackdaw. Dressing in the discarded feathers of other birds, a jackdaw almost convinces Jupiter to appoint him king of the birds. But the other birds strip him of his disguise and reveal his true nature.The Cat and the Birds. A cat, hearing that the birds are ill, dresses as a doctor and offers his help. The birds, seeing through his disguise, reply that theyre fine and will continue to be so if he will only leave. After all, the birds have a lot more at stake than the cat does. The Dangers of Pretense Aesops fables also warn us that trying to be something youre not can alienate others. The protagonists in these tales end up worse off than if they had just accepted themselves. The Jackdaw and the Doves. A jackdaw paints his feathers white because he likes the looks of the doves food. But they catch on to him and chase him away. When he goes back to eat with the other jackdaws, they don’t recognize his white feathers, so they, too, chase him away. Guess who ends up hungry.The Jay and the Peacock.  This story is similar to The Jackdaw and the Doves, but instead of desiring food, the jay just wants to strut like a proud peacock. The other jays watch the whole thing, disgusted, and refuse to welcome him back.The Eagle and the Jackdaw. A jackdaw, envious of the eagle, tries to behave like one. But without the eagles skills, he gets himself into a sticky situation and ends up as a pet for children, his wings clipped.The Raven and the Swan. A raven who wants to be as beautiful as a swan becomes so obsessed with cleansing his feathers that he moves away from his food source and starves to death. Oh, and his feathers stay black.The Ass and the Grasshopper.   This story is similar to The Raven and the Swan. A donkey, hearing some grasshoppers chirping, jumps to the conclusion that their voices must be a result of their diet. He resolves to eat nothing but dew, and consequently starves. Be Yourself Aesop also has a host of fables designed to demonstrate that we should all be resigned to our station in life and not aspire to anything greater. Foxes should be subservient to lions. Camels shouldnt try to be cute like monkeys. Monkeys shouldnt try to learn to fish. A donkey should put up with a terrible master because he could always have an even worse one.  These arent great lessons for modern children. But Aesops stories about avoiding pretense (and not starving yourself for beauty) still seem relevant today.

Justice Studies Perspectives Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Justice Studies Perspectives - Assignment Example Somewhat the laws which are created by its own are seemingly more aiming towards moral values of the society. In addition, lawmakers are more likely to cater rules that are about to make them profitable. This may also lead to the subject of power that can be gained in case other people are made to follow the orders which will keep them away from ruling or having their say count for their respective rights. Thus, it can be well asserted that law is not moral as it stands to be. This indicates that people who would be working for the justice system will also be a part of the pretending game where they will present the rules to be completely moral in nature (Simmonds, 2007). In order to practice the morality of the laws that are practiced in any part of the world, it is state that officials may use terms and expressions which are going to pose the role of law as eminent. In real terms, the situation goes beyond it i.e. the safeguard of morality is not undertaken by effective practice of lawmaking but the conduct of people which is also termed as ethical context of societal associations (Posner, 2009). Also, many ethical researchers have maintained that in the wake of finding a paradigm that solely provides justice to people by saturating the aspects of morality remains absent. There is an evident need of the lawmakers who would not suggest the rights of the powerful to be safeguarded over the needy ones or the power implication of the richer over the poor which will make sure that the lower class continues to face immoral treatment in the society (Haakonssen, 1996). Thus, it can be well stated that justice system is something which is man-made and has to be questioned for its immoral practices. The ethical grounds are therefore considered to be different from law. A set of rules which is being followed in one part of the world remains a shallow justice system for those who require moral and just

Creditor Right System of Company Law Coursework

Creditor Right System of Company Law - Coursework Example Crystal to the company towards working capital must be registered with companies within a period of 21 days. â€Å"If a registrable charge is not registered in time, then it is void against the liquidator or administrator and any creditor of the company. This means that the debt for which the charge was given will remain payable, but it will be unsecured.† (Company charges, 2009, p.7). Thus, in this case, it is assumed that the charges on debentures and debts have been registered and, therefore, they need to be paid first before setting the claims of the unsecured creditors and the equity shareholders of the company. It is common knowledge that the corporate entity, Crystal Chandeliers Ltd, is a limited company and thus, except under exceptional circumstances, the shareholders, Ms.Crystal, and her sons would be liable only for the value of unpaid shares payable by them, or in other words, the shares which they hold. Crystal Chandeliers Ltd is a limited liability company the personal assets of the owners are usually protected from business creditors as a matter of law. Shareholders and LLC members have a kind of asset protection called limited personal liability under which it would be difficult to attach.  Normally unsecured creditors would rank the last after all preferential and secured creditors are paid off. But in the event, the charge on the assets are not registered with the Companies House within the prescribed time, it is possible that these would also rank only as unsecured creditors, along with other kinds of unsecured debt holders.  

The origins of religious conflict in the Middle East Term Paper

The origins of religious conflict in the Middle East - Term Paper Example Furthermore, there are other minor religions that are also acknowledged in the Middle East including Druze, Mandean, Shabakism, Gnosticism, Zoroastrianism and Yazidi among others. This paper will discuss the origin of religious conflict in the Middle East. Religious conflicts and wars began even before oil and other resources were discovered in the Middle East. During the reign of Emperor Theodosius, Christianity was adopted as the official religion in the Roman Empire (Fitzgerald, 2000). In fact, most of the Jews deserted the location and Christian pilgrims started migrating from Europe to the Middle East. Various doctrines were accepted while others were declined by the Eastern Orthodox Church. Most of the churches in the Middle East declined renouncing of these doctrines, hence, separating them from the Eastern Orthodox Church. Therefore, the renouncing of these doctrines triggered religious conflicts in the region. Further analysis proves that the conflicts resulted in significant destruction and other massacres (Walker, 2008). In the Middle East, reports concerning politics, honor, land and terrorism are some of the crucial factors which mainly contribute to religious conflicts. This proves that most of the individuals did not consider the thoughts and perceptions involved with religion. For instance, Christianity is a religion based on the principles of love and tranquility, while Islam is a religious conviction that teaches about peace. In addition, the religion of Judaism usually advocates for equality, tolerance and peace (Walker, 2008). One of the major origins of conflict was triggered by the Muslim conquest. The Islamic region was founded in Arabia by Mohammed in the early 17th century. Mohammed told the people that he was the last prophet who was sent by Allah. He led the Arabians into the war against the Persian community among other tribes, which were easily defeated. By 700, Arabic had become the

The behavior in violent video games Essay Example for Free

The behavior in violent video games Essay In today’s society video games can cause many behavior problems. The violence in video games can affect children in many ways. Violent video games affect a person’s brain and health. At last, violent video games also affect the player’s personality in various ways. Acting violently and having nightmares are two ways of how violent video games affect children. Some games contain some graphic content, and may give children ideas that they do not understand. These games also make children believe that killing someone is acceptable and the reality of people dying can be compared to situations seen previously in games. Children’s learning abilities are also affected since they tend to do as they see, kind of like monkey see, monkey do. Basically, they learn to be violent so they will be violent in their life and react aggressively. The human brain is affected by violent video games in many ways. After so much playing the human brain believes the game is real. Video games stir up tension, and a feeling of fear, and this could have long term affects on the autonomic nerves. The autonomic nerves are connected with breathing and heart rate. If a person, who is playing video games, has suffered from seizures and continues playing, the chances over seizures coming back are extremely high. The video game player’s personality will be affected in many ways. For example, playing decreases prosocial behaviors, this includes activities such as giving to charity, volunteering, and overall â€Å"helping† behaviors. Some studies have proved that video game players lead to an increase in antisocial behavior. These frequently users rather isolate from others and play than socialize. When playing becomes an addiction, their personality has completely transformed into an isolated antisocial person. In conclusion, violent video games can cause many different behavior problems for children. It affects their brain, their health, and their personality. Finally, children should be careful when choosing the type of video game to play.

A Mans Nightmare Essay -- Character Analysis, Swift, Celia

Jonathan Swift’s poem, â€Å"A Lady’s Dressing Room,† represents a man’s love for a woman as the author, Strephon, and audience explore the happenings inside a woman’s bedroom. Like many other men, Strephon is an obsessed lover whose vision of women is distorted by eighteenth century radical ideals of love and beauty. While the poem is a satire, Swift tries to establish that love is blind and presents that love is only based on beauty of women. By introducing an idealistic lover into a realistic environment, he examines the disturbing end results as Celia falls from her godlike state. As she is humanized, Swift successfully demolishes the ridiculous fantasies of love and beauty, and men are also able to see more clearly behind the clothing and make-up. In â€Å"A Lady’s Dressing Room,† Swift exposes the contradiction between idealized love created by eighteenth century society and reality, as he forces Strephon see past Celia’s faà §ade by investigating Celia’s dressing room and discovering traumatizing facts as well as disillusioning him with the help of Swift’s vivid description. Swift represents love as impractical and unnatural in his satire in order to mock eighteenth century society because of their obsession with love and beauty. Initially, Swift begins by referring to Celia as a â€Å"goddess from her chamber†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (ln 1) in order to mock the glorification women tend to receive from men. Also, Celia spends â€Å"five hours†¦in dressing† (ln 2-3). He attacks and ridicules the idealizations of love and beauty because women were seen as gorgeous goddesses and their beaus idolize them to no end. Women also spend an inordinate amount of time attempting to make themselves beautiful and well dressed, but they actually spend little time trying to conceal t... ..., Swift only attempts to demolish the romantic ideals of women and beauty produced from the eighteenth century society. He wants to reveal the reality that mankind is imperfect and love only blinds these blemishes. And, the only way to illustrate reality to the public is to reduce women to most simple yet repulsive bodily functions that equalize both men and women. As society places more prominence on idealized love, Swift criticizes these false idealizations and exposes the truth to the public through his poetic satire. According to Swift, eighteenth century love is more of an infatuation with women and beauty as both tend to obsess over first impressions of appearances. As proved by Strephon invading Celia’s room, Jonathan Swift only further emphasizes that love is not solely based upon physical appearances because even looks, most especially, can be deceiving.

The Host Chapter 13: Sentenced

Are they here?† We choked out the words-they burst from us like the water in our lungs had, expelled. After water, this question was all that mattered. â€Å"Did they make it?† Uncle Jeb's face was impossible to read in the darkness. â€Å"Who?† he asked. â€Å"Jamie, Jared!† Our whisper burned like a shout. â€Å"Jared was with Jamie. Our brother! Are they here? Did they come? Did you find them, too?† There was barely a pause. â€Å"No.† His answer was forceful, and there was no pity in it, no feeling at all. â€Å"No,† we whispered. We were not echoing him, we were protesting against getting our life back. What was the point? We closed our eyes again and listened to the pain in our body. We let that drown out the pain in our mind. â€Å"Look,† Uncle Jeb said after a moment. â€Å"I, uh, have something to take care of. You rest for a bit, and I'll be back for you.† We didn't hear the meaning in his words, just the sounds. Our eyes stayed closed. His footsteps crunched quietly away from us. We couldn't tell which direction he went. We didn't care anyway. They were gone. There was no way to find them, no hope. Jared and Jamie had disappeared, something they knew well how to do, and we would never see them again. The water and the cooler night air were making us lucid, something we did not want. We rolled over, to bury our face against the sand again. We were so tired, past the point of exhaustion and into some deeper, more painful state. Surely we could sleep. All we had to do was not think. We could do that. We did. When we woke, it was still night, but dawn was threatening on the eastern horizon-the mountains were lined with dull red. Our mouth tasted of dust, and at first we were sure that we had dreamed Uncle Jeb's appearance. Of course we had. Our head was clearer this morning, and we noticed quickly the strange shape near our right cheek-something that was not a rock or a cactus. We touched it, and it was hard and smooth. We nudged it, and the delicious sound of sloshing water came from inside. Uncle Jeb was real, and he'd left us a canteen. We sat up carefully, surprised when we didn't break in two like a withered stick. Actually, we felt better. The water must have had time to work its way through some of our body. The pain was dull, and for the first time in a long while, we felt hungry again. Our fingers were stiff and clumsy as we twisted the cap from the top of the canteen. It wasn't all the way full, but there was enough water to stretch the walls of our belly again-it must have shrunk. We drank it all; we were done with rationing. We dropped the metal canteen to the sand, where it made a dull thud in the predawn silence. We felt wide awake now. We sighed, preferring unconsciousness, and let our head fall into our hands. What now? â€Å"Why did you give it water, Jeb?† an angry voice demanded, close behind our back. We whirled, twisting onto our knees. What we saw made our heart falter and our awareness splinter apart. There were eight humans half-circled around where I knelt under the tree. There was no question they were humans, all of them. I'd never seen faces contorted into such expressions-not on my kind. These lips twisted with hatred, pulled back over clenched teeth like wild animals. These brows pulled low over eyes that burned with fury. Six men and two women, some of them very big, most of them bigger than me. I felt the blood drain from my face as I realized why they held their hands so oddly-gripped tightly in front of them, each balancing an object. They held weapons. Some held blades-a few short ones like those I had kept in my kitchen, and some longer, one huge and menacing. This knife had no purpose in a kitchen. Melanie supplied the name: a machete. Others held long bars, some metal, some wooden. Clubs. I recognized Uncle Jeb in their midst. Held loosely in his hands was an object I'd never seen in person, only in Melanie's memories, like the big knife. It was a rifle. I saw horror, but Melanie saw all this with wonder, her mind boggling at their numbers. Eight human survivors. She'd thought Jeb was alone or, in the best case scenario, with only two others. To see so many of her kind alive filled her with joy. You're an idiot, I told her. Look at them. See them. I forced her to see it from my perspective: to see the threatening shapes inside the dirty jeans and light cotton shirts, brown with dust. They might have been human-as she thought of the word-once, but at this moment they were something else. They were barbarians, monsters. They hung over us, slavering for blood. There was a death sentence in every pair of eyes. Melanie saw all this and, though grudgingly, she had to admit that I was right. At this moment, her beloved humans were at their worst-like the newspaper stories we'd seen in the abandoned shack. We were looking at killers. We should have been wiser; we should have died yesterday. Why would Uncle Jeb keep us alive for this? A shiver passed through me at the thought. I'd skimmed through the histories of human atrocities. I'd had no stomach for them. Perhaps I should have concentrated better. I knew there were reasons why humans let their enemies live, for a little while. Things they wanted from their minds or their bodies†¦ Of course it sprang into my head immediately-the one secret they would want from me. The one I could never, never tell them. No matter what they did to me. I would have to kill myself first. I did not let Melanie see the secret I protected. I used her own defenses against her and threw up a wall in my head to hide behind while I thought of the information for the first time since implantation. There had been no reason to think of it before. Melanie was hardly even curious on the other side of the wall; she made no effort to break through it. There were much more immediate concerns than the fact that she had not been the only one keeping information in reserve. Did it matter that I protected my secret from her? I wasn't as strong as Melanie; I had no doubt she could endure torture. How much pain could I stand before I gave them anything they wanted? My stomach heaved. Suicide was a repugnant option-worse because it would be murder, too. Melanie would be part of either torture or death. I would wait for that until I had absolutely no other choice. No, they can't. Uncle Jeb would never let them hurt me. Uncle Jeb doesn't know you're here, I reminded her. Tell him! I focused on the old man's face. The thick white beard kept me from seeing the set of his mouth, but his eyes did not seem to burn like the others'. From the corner of my eye, I could see a few of the men shift their gaze from me to him. They were waiting for him to answer the question that had alerted me to their presence. Uncle Jeb stared at me, ignoring them. I can't tell him, Melanie. He won't believe me. And if they think I'm lying to them, they'll think I'm a Seeker. They must have experience enough to know that only a Seeker would come out here with a lie, a story designed for infiltration. Melanie recognized the truth of my thought at once. The very word Seeker made her recoil with hatred, and she knew these strangers would have the same reaction. It doesn't matter anyway. I'm a soul-that's enough for them. The one with the machete-the biggest man there, black-haired with oddly fair skin and vivid blue eyes-made a sound of disgust and spit on the ground. He took a step forward, slowly raising the long blade. Better fast than slow. Better that it was this brutal hand and not mine that killed us. Better that I didn't die a creature of violence, accountable for Melanie's blood as well as my own. â€Å"Hold it, Kyle.† Jeb's words were unhurried, almost casual, but the big man stopped. He grimaced and turned to face Melanie's uncle. â€Å"Why? You said you made sure. It's one of them.† I recognized the voice-he was the same one who'd asked Jeb why he'd given me water. â€Å"Well, yes, she surely is. But it's a little complicated.† â€Å"How?† A different man asked the question. He stood next to the big, dark-haired Kyle, and they looked so much alike that they had to be brothers. â€Å"See, this here is my niece, too.† â€Å"Not anymore she's not,† Kyle said flatly. He spit again and took another deliberate step in my direction, knife ready. I could see from the way his shoulders leaned into the action that words would not stop him again. I closed my eyes. There were two sharp metallic clicks, and someone gasped. My eyes flew open again. â€Å"I said hold it, Kyle.† Uncle Jeb's voice was still relaxed, but the long rifle was gripped tightly in his hands now, and the barrels were pointed at Kyle's back. Kyle was frozen just steps from me; his machete hung motionless in the air above his shoulder. â€Å"Jeb,† the brother said, horrified, â€Å"what are you doing?† â€Å"Step away from the girl, Kyle.† Kyle turned his back to us, whirling on Jeb in fury. â€Å"It's not a girl, Jeb!† Jeb shrugged; the gun stayed steady in his hands, pointed at Kyle. â€Å"There are things to be discussed.† â€Å"The doctor might be able to learn something from it,† a female voice offered gruffly. I cringed at the words, hearing in them my worst fears. When Jeb had called me his niece just now, I'd foolishly let a spark of hope flame to life-perhaps there would be pity. I'd been stupid to think that, even for a second. Death would be the only pity I could hope for from these creatures. I looked at the woman who'd spoken, surprised to see that she was as old as Jeb, maybe older. Her hair was dark gray rather than white, which is why I hadn't noticed her age before. Her face was a mass of wrinkles, all of them turning down into angry lines. But there was something familiar about the features behind the lines. Melanie made the connection between this ancient face and another, smoother face in her memory. â€Å"Aunt Maggie? You're here? How? Is Sharon -† The words were all Melanie, but they gushed from my mouth, and I was unable to stop them. Sharing for so long in the desert had made her stronger, or me weaker. Or maybe it was just that I was concentrating on which direction the deathblow was going to fall from. I was bracing for our murder, and she was having a family reunion. Melanie got only halfway through her surprised exclamation. The much-aged woman named Maggie lunged forward with a speed that belied her brittle exterior. She didn't raise the hand that held the black crowbar. That was the hand I was watching, so I didn't see her free hand swing out to slap me hard across the face. My head snapped back and then forward. She slapped me again. â€Å"You won't fool us, you parasite. We know how you work. We know how well you can mimic us.† I tasted blood inside my cheek. Don't do that again, I scolded Melanie. I told you what they'd think. Melanie was too shocked to answer. â€Å"Now, Maggie,† Jeb began in a soothing tone. â€Å"Don't you Now, Maggie' me, you old fool! She's probably led a legion of them down on us.† She backed away from me, her eyes measuring my stillness as if I were a coiled snake. She stopped beside her brother. â€Å"I don't see anyone,† Jeb retorted. â€Å"Hey!† he yelled, and I flinched in surprise. I wasn't the only one. Jeb waved his left hand over his head, the gun still clenched in the right. â€Å"Over here!† â€Å"Shut up,† Maggie growled, shoving his chest. Though I had good reason to know she was strong, Jeb didn't wobble. â€Å"She's alone, Mag. She was pretty much dead when I found her-she's not in such great shape now. The centipedes don't sacrifice their own that way. They would have come for her much sooner than I did. Whatever else she is, she's alone.† I saw the image of the long, many-legged insect in my head, but I didn't make the connection. He's talking about you, Melanie translated. She placed the picture of the ugly bug next to my memory of a bright silver soul. I didn't see a resemblance. I wonder how he knows what you look like, Melanie wondered absently. My memories of a soul's true appearance had been new to her in the beginning. I didn't have time to wonder with her. Jeb was walking toward me, and the others were close behind. Kyle's hand hovered at Jeb's shoulder, ready to restrain him or throw him out of the way, I couldn't tell. Jeb put his gun in his left hand and extended the right to me. I eyed it warily, waiting for it to hit me. â€Å"C'mon,† he urged gently. â€Å"If I could carry you that far, I woulda brought you home last night. You're gonna have to walk some more.† â€Å"No!† Kyle grunted. â€Å"I'm takin' her back,† Jeb said, and for the first time there was a harsher tone to his voice. Under his beard, his jaw flexed into a stubborn line. â€Å"Jeb!† Maggie protested. â€Å"‘S my place, Mag. I'll do what I want.† â€Å"Old fool!† she snapped again. Jeb reached down and grabbed my hand from where it lay curled into a fist against my thigh. He yanked me to my feet. It was not cruelty; it was merely as if he was in a hurry. Yet was it not the very worst form of cruelty to prolong my life for the reasons he had? I rocked unsteadily. I couldn't feel my legs very well-just prickles like needle points as the blood flowed down. There was a hiss of disapproval behind him. It came from more than one mouth. â€Å"Okay, whoever you are,† he said to me, his voice still kind. â€Å"Let's get out of here before it heats up.† The one who must have been Kyle's brother put his hand on Jeb's arm. â€Å"You can't just show it where we live, Jeb.† â€Å"I suppose it doesn't matter,† Maggie said harshly. â€Å"It won't get a chance to tell tales.† Jeb sighed and pulled a bandanna-all but hidden by his beard-from around his neck. â€Å"This is silly,† he muttered, but he rolled the dirty fabric, stiff with dry sweat, into a blindfold. I kept perfectly still as he tied it over my eyes, fighting the panic that increased when I couldn't see my enemies. I couldn't see, but I knew it was Jeb who put one hand on my back and guided me; none of the others would have been so gentle. We started forward, toward the north, I thought. No one spoke at first-there was just the sound of sand grinding under many feet. The ground was even, but I stumbled on my numb legs again and again. Jeb was patient; his guiding hand was almost chivalrous. I felt the sun rise as we walked. Some of the footsteps were faster than others. They moved ahead of us until they were hard to hear. It sounded like it was the minority that stayed with Jeb and me. I must not have looked like I needed many guards-I was faint with hunger, and I swayed with every step; my head felt dizzy and hollow. â€Å"You aren't planning to tell him, are you?† It was Maggie's voice; it came from a few feet behind me, and it sounded like an accusation. â€Å"He's got a right to know,† Jeb replied. The stubborn note was back in his voice. â€Å"It's an unkind thing you are doing, Jebediah.† â€Å"Life is unkind, Magnolia.† It was hard to decide who was the more terrifying of the two. Was it Jeb, who seemed so intent on keeping me alive? Or Maggie, who had first suggested the doctor-an appellation that filled me with instinctive, nauseated dread-but who seemed more worried about cruelty than her brother? We walked in silence again for a few hours. When my legs buckled, Jeb lowered me to the ground and held a canteen to my lips as he had in the night. â€Å"Let me know when you're ready,† Jeb told me. His voice sounded kind, though I knew that was a false interpretation. Someone sighed impatiently. â€Å"Why are you doing this, Jeb?† a man asked. I'd heard the voice before; it was one of the brothers. â€Å"For Doc? You could have just told Kyle that. You didn't have to pull a gun on him.† â€Å"Kyle needs a gun pulled on him more often,† Jeb muttered. â€Å"Please tell me this wasn't about sympathy,† the man continued. â€Å"After all you've seen†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"After all I've seen, if I hadn't learned compassion, I wouldn't be worth much. But no, it was not about sympathy. If I had enough sympathy for this poor creature, I would have let her die.† I shivered in the oven-hot air. â€Å"What, then?† Kyle's brother demanded. There was a long silence, and then Jeb's hand touched mine. I grasped it, needing the help to get back on my feet. His other hand pressed against my back, and I started forward again. â€Å"Curiosity,† Jeb said in a low voice. No one replied. As we walked, I considered a few sure facts. One, I was not the first soul they'd captured. There was already a set routine here. This â€Å"Doc† had tried to get his answer from others before me. Two, he had tried unsuccessfully. If any soul had forgone suicide only to crack under the humans' torture, they would not need me now. My death would have been mercifully swift. Oddly, I couldn't bring myself to hope for a quick end, though, or to try to effect that outcome. It would be easy to do, even without doing the deed myself. I would only have to tell them a lie-pretend to be a Seeker, tell them my colleagues were tracking me right now, bluster and threaten. Or tell them the truth-that Melanie lived on inside me, and that she had brought me here. They would see another lie, and one so richly irresistible-the idea that the human could live on after implantation-so tempting to believe from their perspective, so insidious, that they would believe I was a Seeker more surely than if I claimed it. They would assume a trap, get rid of me quickly, and find a new place to hide, far away from here. You're probably right, Melanie agreed. It's what I would do. But I wasn't in pain yet, and so either form of suicide was hard to embrace; my instinct for survival sealed my lips. The memory of my last session with my Comforter-a time so civilized it seemed to belong to a different planet-flashed through my head. Melanie challenging me to have her removed, a seemingly suicidal impulse, but only a bluff. I remembered thinking how hard it was to contemplate death from a comfortable chair. Last night Melanie and I had wished for death, but death had been only inches away at the time. It was different now that I was on my feet again. I don't want to die, either, Melanie whispered. But maybe you're wrong. Maybe that's not why they're keeping us alive. I don't understand why they would†¦ She didn't want to imagine the things they might do to us-I was sure she could come up with worse than I. What answer would they want from you that bad? I'll never tell. Not you, not any human. A bold declaration. But then, I wasn't in pain yet†¦ Another hour had passed-the sun was directly overhead, the heat of it like a crown of fire on my hair-when the sound changed. The grinding steps that I barely heard anymore turned to echoes ahead of me. Jeb's feet still crunched against the sand like mine, but someone in front of us had reached a new terrain. â€Å"Careful, now,† Jeb warned me. â€Å"Watch your head.† I hesitated, not sure what I was watching for, or how to watch with no eyes. His hand left my back and pressed down on my head, telling me to duck. I bent forward. My neck was stiff. He guided me forward again, and I heard our footsteps make the same echoing sound. The ground didn't give like sand, didn't feel loose like rock. It was flat and solid beneath my feet. The sun was gone-I could no longer feel it burn my skin or scorch my hair. I took another step, and a new air touched my face. It was not a breeze. This was stagnant-I moved into it. The dry desert wind was gone. This air was still and cooler. There was the faintest hint of moisture to it, a mustiness that I could both smell and taste. There were so many questions in my mind, and in Melanie's. She wanted to ask hers, but I kept silent. There was nothing either of us could say that would help us now. â€Å"Okay, you can straighten up,† Jeb told me. I raised my head slowly. Even with the blindfold, I could tell that there was no light. It was utterly black around the edges of the bandanna. I could hear the others behind me, shuffling their feet impatiently, waiting for us to move forward. â€Å"This way,† Jeb said, and he was guiding me again. Our footsteps echoed back from close by-the space we were in must have been quite small. I found myself ducking my head instinctively. We went a few steps farther, and then we rounded a sharp curve that seemed to turn us back the way we'd come. The ground started to slant downward. The angle got steeper with every step, and Jeb gave me his rough hand to keep me from falling. I don't know how long I slipped and skidded my way through the darkness. The hike probably felt longer than it was with each minute slowed by my terror. We took another turn, and then the floor started to climb upward. My legs were so numb and wooden that as the path got steeper, Jeb had to half drag me up the incline. The air got mustier and moister the farther we went, but the blackness didn't change. The only sounds were our footsteps and their nearby echoes. The pathway flattened out and began to turn and twist like a serpent. Finally, finally, there was a brightness around the top and bottom of my blindfold. I wished that it would slip, as I was too frightened to pull it off myself. It seemed to me that I wouldn't be so terrified if I could just see where I was and who was with me. With the light came noise. Strange noise, a low murmuring babble. It sounded almost like a waterfall. The babble got louder as we moved forward, and the closer it got, the less it sounded like water. It was too varied, low and high pitches mingling and echoing. If it had not been so discordant, it might have sounded like an uglier version of the constant music I'd heard and sung on the Singing World. The darkness of the blindfold suited that memory, the memory of blindness. Melanie understood the cacophony before I did. I'd never heard the sound because I'd never been with humans before. It's an argument, she realized. It sounds like so many people arguing. She was drawn by the sound. Were there more people here, then? That there were even eight had surprised us both. What was this place? Hands touched the back of my neck, and I shied away from them. â€Å"Easy now,† Jeb said. He pulled the blindfold off my eyes. I blinked slowly, and the shadows around me settled into shapes I could understand: rough, uneven walls; a pocked ceiling; a worn, dusty floor. We were underground somewhere in a natural cave formation. We couldn't be that deep. I thought we'd hiked upward longer than we'd slid downward. The rock walls and ceiling were a dark purpley brown, and they were riddled with shallow holes like Swiss cheese. The edges of the lower holes were worn down, but over my head the circles were more defined, and their rims looked sharp. The light came from a round hole ahead of us, its shape not unlike the holes that peppered the cavern, but larger. This was an entrance, a doorway to a brighter place. Melanie was eager, fascinated by the concept of more humans. I held back, suddenly worried that blindness might be better than sight. Jeb sighed. â€Å"Sorry,† he muttered, so low that I was certainly the only one to hear. I tried to swallow and could not. My head started to spin, but that might have been from hunger. My hands were trembling like leaves in a stiff breeze as Jeb prodded me through the big hole. The tunnel opened into a chamber so vast that at first I couldn't accept what my eyes told me. The ceiling was too bright and too high-it was like an artificial sky. I tried to see what brightened it, but it sent down sharp lances of light that hurt my eyes. I was expecting the babble to get louder, but it was abruptly dead quiet in the huge cavern. The floor was dim compared to the brilliant ceiling so far above. It took a moment for my eyes to make sense of all the shapes. A crowd. There was no other word for it-there was a crowd of humans standing stock-still and silent, all staring at me with the same burning, hate-filled expressions I'd seen at dawn. Melanie was too stunned to do anything more than count. Ten, fifteen, twenty†¦ twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven†¦ I didn't care how many there were. I tried to tell her how little it mattered. It wouldn't take twenty of them to kill me. To kill us. I tried to make her see how precarious our position was, but she was beyond my warnings at the moment, lost in this human world she'd never dreamed was here. One man stepped forward from the crowd, and my eyes darted first to his hands, looking for the weapon they would carry. His hands were clenched in fists but empty of any other threat. My eyes, adjusting to the dazzling light, made out the sun-gilded tint of his skin and then recognized it. Choking on the sudden hope that dizzied me, I lifted my eyes to the man's face.

Differences between types of economies

There are three main types of economies in the world according to the types of business they do: 1. Agriculture based economy – This is the oldest form of economies in the world. The economy by its nature has small firms and has a limited economy of scale. The economy is usually prevalent in third world countries like Vietnam 2. Industrial economy – An industrial economy is stronger than an agricultural one, due to the larger size of firms and higher society will tend to have large firms, as industry has a substantial economy of scale. Mnay of the countries started their developent stages from this type of economy 3. Service Economy – A service-based economy has its size dependent on the types of sevices it provides. This means not all industrial firms will be huge in size, and yet they cannot be considered as an economically weaker section. (Plexico n. d. ) Examples of all of these can be seen in the world, but the more advanced countries of the world are moving or have already moved from the first through the second to the third. The US was the first country to become predominantly a Service economy (Plexico n. d. ) Impact of Computers on Business â€Å"Computer science is at a stage at which it can do more for the economy, more for the way business is done†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Gates 2004) Many people believe that the single most important change in the society in recent times has been brought about by the introduction of computers. The three types of economies which were described in the earlier section have all been significantly affected by the invention of computers. Initially Business used computers for only keeping track of accounts, money, or items that they need, but things changes at a lightning pace. It can be said that the speed, accuracy, the ability to do repetitive tasks – are the backbone of today’s research, manufacturing and production units. These characteristics also brought about the advent of the present Age of Information. The development of the World Wide Web †¦is a major breakthrough in the advancement of communication (Ayers 2007). The information age brought about the concept of global markets to the industrial and agriculture section. While the prior age concept of ‘trade’ sounds pretty close, the difference is in the nature of open-markets, which are possible only because consumers know what is there for sale practically everywhere in the world. While for service sector too the open markets mean the wider scope for selling, the services themselves can be performed at much lower rates in different parts of the world. The open markets have in turn brought up the standard of product and service quality, as now the consumers have many options available for their purchases. There are newer ways of buying and selling available to consumers, like the e-businesses, where one can practically shop or sell without leaving his home. In fact many economists believe that due to the advent of computers, the business has changed from being selling oriented – where consumers had to buy the products closely resembling their needs, to being consumer oriented – where consumer’s needs are the base for making newer products, and companies then design elaborate marketing plans to pamper the consumers so that they actually buy the particular product or service. Speculation about the future impact of Computers on Business Computers have affected the business methods so much that many people consider that area is saturated. This is however not the case, according to the point of view of many scientist and engineers. The argument given here is that, while the computers have improved a lot from the time when it was the prerogative of a few select scientists and researchers, to the present usage by hundreds of millions of people – the interface needs to be brought much closer to the common man, especially in third world countries. The first major impact would be when the computers would have perfected the art of conversation. The ability to speak to our computers is a critical part of the interface we will end up with (Ayers 2007). This would make the computers seem more ‘human’ to people. Another major improvement would be a perfect translation capability, which means people would no longer be hampered when they are interacting with a prospective buyer or seller from a different culture. Some other possible uses would be a cheaper single interface which would connect a person to his office, vehicle and home all times from any part of the world. This would mean, there would no longer be any formal office locations. This possibility is a very real one, with many people already subscribing to the this work from home or any part of the world concept, however it is still not a part of the popular culture As is seen the computers have and would still continue to impact the way business is done. The technical advances have been phenomenal and would continue to be at the same pace, bringing the world closer. However, to integrate these technologies to modify ways of business would be up to the members of the business community.